How to Test & Maintain Perfect Aquarium Water Chemistry

Water chemistry is the invisible foundation of a healthy aquarium. Most fish deaths are caused by water quality issues.

The 6 Parameters You Must Know

• Ammonia (NH3): Should ALWAYS be 0 ppm. Any ammonia = danger.
• Nitrite (NO2): Should ALWAYS be 0 ppm.
• Nitrate (NO3): Keep under 40 ppm.
• pH: Most freshwater fish thrive at 6.5–7.5.
• Temperature: Tropical: 24–28°C. Goldfish: 18–22°C.
• Hardness (GH/KH): Affects how pH is buffered.

Weekly Water Changes

Change 25–30% of tank water weekly. This is the single most effective maintenance task. It dilutes nitrate buildup and replenishes minerals.